Review Of This Republic Of Suffering - 1791 Words

9764 Mr. Jeter H1301 2 December 2014 Review of This Republic of Suffering: Death and The American Civil War by Drew Gilpin Faust (Alfred A. Knopf: New York, 2008, xiv + 271 pp.) Drew Gilpin Faust’s This Republic of Suffering: Death and The American Civil War tackles a subject that is not widely written about: the ways of death of the American Civil War generation. She demonstrates how the unprecedented carnage, both military and civilian, caused by the Civil War forever changed American assumptions of death and dying, and how the nation and its people struggled to come to terms with death on an unimaginable scale. The war created a veritable â€Å"republic of suffering† and Faust vividly portrays the United States’ ordeal, transformation, and†¦show more content†¦The public’s displays of mourning gave rise to new conventions or modifications of existing manners; in the blockaded South resourcefulness grew out of necessity as Southern widows could not import the latest European elegances. The most important transformation Faust describes here is of the new roles taken on by the survivors: as widows, orphans, and communitie s, even a nation of mourners. The war took a toll on the beliefs of soldiers and their families as the carnage destroyed beyond recognition or even annihilated bodies. In Believing and Doubting Faust explores quintessential questions revolving round religion and humanity that lingered in the minds of Americans as they wrestled with the consequences of that destruction cause by the war. People’s beliefs may have been â€Å"powerfully challenged,† but they also became â€Å"fervently reaffirmed† as the war progressed (172). For many survivors and victims alike, death became redefined as â€Å"eternal life† (177), and heaven into an â€Å"eternal family reunion† (180). In this grim conflict a soldier’s death became to many â€Å"the vehicle of salvation† to achieve â€Å"God’s design ofShow MoreRelatedChina s National Strategy Of Hiv / Aids Prevention Programs1346 Words   |  6 Pageshtm#footnote51_2gjd2tg [4] UNGASS (2012, March) China AIDS Response Progress Report. Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China [5] UNGASS (2010, April) China AIDS Response Progress Report. Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China [6] Eric, PF (2011, May) HIV and Syphilis Co-Infection Increasing among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PloS ONE 6(8). Retrieved September 21,2015, from http://www.avert.org/hiv-aids-china.htm#footnoteref53_91r8wlnRead MoreWhat Is The Attention Getter For The Congo Essay1082 Words   |  5 Pagescollege education in here? I am sure most of you are. Unfortunately, however, there are countries in todays world where schools are absent and not even healthcare systems are provided for their civilians. B. Audience Relevance: The Democratic Republic of Congo, also known as the DRC, is an example of such country. According to the website The World Factbook, updated on July 17, 2017, written by the CIA, a civilian foreign intelligence service, the DRC is the largest country in Sub-Saharan AfricaRead MoreRussians and Br Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesIn the early nineteenth century, Slavic peoples from multiple empires in eastern and southern Europe began to pursue a movement to protect and organize Slavic culture. In 1848, this movement became more political. It gained a reputation and an attempt was made to unify all Slavic peoples. This movement became known as Pan-Slavism. Pan-Slavism appealed to many Slavs who felt nationalism towards their race. However among the Slavs, there were many different opinions. Some believed that there was aRead MoreThe Genocide in Rwanda 1001 Words   |  5 Pagesmaintaining traditions (Hogg [72]). They were nearly absent from political life and w ere under-represented in Rwandan politics. In the genocide of 1994, it is important to understand that women were not only victims of the atrocities as examined throughout this course, but also were involved in committing them, still committing fewer acts of violence than men, however. Many times they were the wives and family members of loyal Hutu men. Other times, they were women that held important leadership roles atRead MoreNorth Korea and Human Rights Abuses1692 Words   |  7 PagesDemocratic People’s Republic of Korea’s (DPRKs) citizens are suffering under the current North Korean regime. North Korea is a state frozen in time, devoid of any recent social, economical and technological advances, and their inveterate abuse of human rights is widespread and deeply ingrained in their society. Despite the recent global focus of North Koreas human rights abuses, some claim that human rights conditions in the DPRK have been gradually improving (Lankov, 2013. b.). If this is the case, whyRead MoreThe Development Of Integrated Water Resources1497 Words   |  6 PagesThe UNDP/GWP Project developed a questionnaire to assess the level of access to clean water and sanitation in Kazakhstan. This questionnaire was part of the development of Integrated Water Resources (IWRM) part of whose overall aim was to â€Å"develop the strategy for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for Water Supply and Sanitation† (UNDP/GWP, 2005, pg 2). The questionnaire was specifically designed to address MDG7, target 10 which is to ‘Halve by the year 2015, the proport ionRead More Essay on Euthanasia and Doctor-Assisted Suicide1175 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide    This paper will address some of the more popular points of interest involved with the euthanasia-assisted suicide discussion. There are less than a dozen questions which would come to mind in the case of the average individual who has a mild interest in this debate, and the following essay presents information which would satisfy that individuals curiosity on these points of common interest.    Euthanasia and assisted suicide are legal inRead More Ireland Starves and Lives to Tell: The Effects of the Great Potato Famine1584 Words   |  7 Pagesof those who lost their homes due to poverty in Ireland during the famine did not even compare to the amount of lives lost in those dreadful years. Deaths due to malnutrition and disease were immense. The exact total of deaths is still unknown to this day (Kinealy 167). â€Å"The number [ . . . ] has been calculated as lying between half a million and one and a half million† (Kinealy 168). People died from a variety of causes, relatively few from actual starvation. Most were felledRead MoreThe Effects Of Shifting Of Students On Different Academic Tracks1425 Words   |  6 PagesChapter II Review of Related literature and Studies Topic: Causes of Shifting of Students to Different Academic Tracks Background of the Study Prior to 2016, the Philippines is the last country in Asia, and one of only three countries (Angola and Djibouti) in the world that has a 10-year basic education. On May 15, 2013, President Benigno Aquino III signed into law the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 otherwise known as Republic Act No. 10533. Under this law, an additional two years will beRead MoreGenocide in Srebrenica and the Birth of R2P1025 Words   |  4 Pagesdisorganized. The massacre in Srebrenica shined a spotlight on the failures of the international community to prevent mass atrocities. We needed an international guideline to systematically and effectively respond to civil war and intrastate conflict. Out of this was born the idea of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Humanitarian intervention was by no means a new topic—its rhetoric has been around since the mid 1800s. However, in trying to codify the â€Å"right to intervene† there was a controversial connotation:

Free Trade and Poor Countries Free Essays

Why free trade is in the interest of the world’s poorest countries Free trade has been a much discussed topic since the 1770s, when Adam Smith presented his theory on trade and absolute advantages. Most sources argue that free trade will benefit the poor nations in the long run (Anderson et al. 2011; Bussolo et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Free Trade and Poor Countries or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2011; Madely 2000; Winters et al. , 2004). How-ever, the size of the benefits will vary in terms of which trade reforms are made, who the poor are, and how they support themselves (Winters et al. 2004). The purpose of this paper is to discuss why and how free trade is in the interest of the world’s poorest countries. The essay will commence by a description of the traditional trade theories, followed by a discussion of the advantages and the im-pact free trade has on the poorest nations including different theories and findings. There are two classic elements in the definition of trade. The first is Adam Smith’s rule of ‘mutual gain’, assessing that for two countries trading with each other both must gain. Furthermore Adam Smith argues that trade is based on ‘absolute advantages’, which means that free trade will benefit all nations, if they specialise in producing the goods in which they are most efficient. The countries will then be able to produce at a lower price and trade the surplus for goods where they are less effective. This will allocate the world’s resources in the best possible way (Dunkley 1997; Irwin 2002; Madely 2000; Smith 1776) The second element to trade is Ricardo’s (1817) argument that trade and specialisation is based on ‘comparative advantages’. If one country has the absolute advantages in all goods com-pared to another country both nations can still benefit from trading. The country with the absolute disadvantage should specialise in producing the goods in which the absolute disadvantage is small-est and then import the goods in which the absolute disadvantage is largest. In the perspective of comparative advantages, freeing up trade would give the developing countries a chance to specialise in the production of primary goods and export the surplus to the developed countries in exchange of e. g. industrial goods (Salvatore 2012). However, some sources argue that when the trading is between a poor country trading primary goods and a rich country trading industrial goods the latter will benefit the most, because the poor country will have to export more in order to import a similar amount (Madely 2000). In contrast, Samuelson (1939) argues that any kind of trade is better than no trade and Salvatore (2012) concludes that developing countries should continue trading as long as they gain. The capital they get from the trade should be used to improve their technology, which will change their comparative advantages from primary goods to more refined goods. This is supported by Winters et al. (2004) who point out that connection be-tween the liberalisation of trade and growth have not yet been completely proven, however there is no proof that trade should be harmful to growth. Moreover, barriers of free trade are not the only factor causing poverty; wars, corruption, diseases, and natural disasters are just a few internal fac-tors that keep the poor countries in poverty (Salvatore 2012). Another argument for free trade is that it would utilise the developing countries unutilised resources, caused by the insufficient national demand, more efficient. Free trade would give productions in developing countries a chance to sell their surplus on a greater market and with this give the developing countries a vent for their surplus (Salvatore 2012). Furthermore, free trade would increase the efficiency of domestic producers in order for them to compete with foreign companies. In addition, the expanding of the market size would form a basis for division of labour and economies of scale (Salvatore 2012). Advocates of free trade argue that free trade will maximise the world’s welfare (Bussolo et al. 2011). This is supported by the theory of imposing tariffs in small and large countries (Salvatore 2012). A small country is defined as a country where changes in the domestic market would not affect the international market price and a large country is defined as a country where changes would affect the international market prices (Salvatore 2012). If a small country imposes import tariffs they will experience an overall loss in welfare, because of deadweight loss which is caused by inefficiency in domestic production. If a large country imposes tariffs they will xperience an improvement in welfare because they are able to affect the international market price, the producer’s surplus rise and the government’s revenue increases (Salvatore 2012). However, gains from tariffs are often only short term; when a large country imposes tariffs their trading partners probably will too. This will result in reduced traded volume, which in the long term will cause a decrease in world welf are. Madely (2000) argues that free trade, historically, has raised the welfare of many nations, however, but not for the poorest nations. He claims that free trade mostly benefits the multinational companies, because the rise of food import has forced the smaller farmers to sell their land to the larger companies. Furthermore, the multinational companies do not have any commitment or loyalty to the country in which they are active, which means that the poorest stay poor. In contrast Dollar (2005) claims, that the fast growth and reduction of poverty has been strongest in the developing countries that have included themselves in the world economy most rapidly. Furthermore, Salvatore (2012) states that trade will move new technologies, ideas, and managing skills from the developed countries to the developing countries. So even though multinational companies are taking over the small farmer’s land they still provide the producing country with new knowledge and tools that can help the country develop new comparative advantages. Winters et al. (2004) claim, that freeing up trade is one of the easiest ways to reduce poverty. Agricultural trade reforms would have the largest and most positive impact on poverty, because three-quarters of the world’s poorest people still hinge on farming as their main source of income (Anderson et al. 2011). Furthermore, the poor countries also often have a large number of unskilled workers, which give the poor nations a comparative advantage in exporting labour-intensive goods (Bhagwati Srinivasan 2002). This paper determines that free trade overall would be in the interest of the poorest countries. Free trade will increase the global welfare and help the poor countries develop their comparative ad-vantages. Multinational companies’ investments in the poor countries will result in moving of tech-nology, ideas and skills. However, theory is not always consistent with practice, why it is important to examine the different perspectives in each case. Abolishing the world’s trade tariffs would indeed help the world’s poorest countries access a greater market to sell their goods, however, freeing up trade alone would not completely eliminate poverty; wars, diseases, corruption, and catastrophes are also strong influential factors of poverty. How to cite Free Trade and Poor Countries, Essay examples

Comparison of Eastern and Western Philosophers Essay Example For Students

Comparison of Eastern and Western Philosophers Essay Eastern PhilosophyWestern Philosophy Main SchoolsBuddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Integral Yoga, Islam, Taoism,Zen Christianity**, Rational, Scientific, Logical schools Main Principles1. Cosmological unity 2. Life is a journey towards eternal realities that are beyond the realities that surround us 3. Circular view of the universe, based on the perception of eternal recurrence 4. Inner-world dependant 5. Self-liberation from the false Me and finding the true Me 6. Behavioral ethics1. Feeling oneself as an element of the Divine 2. Life is service (to the God, money, business, etc. ) 3. Linear view of the universe and life, based on the Christian philosophy where everything has its beginning and the end. 4. Outer-world dependant 5. Self-dedication to the goal (success, happiness, etc. ) The Me conceptEternal reality of the universal truth: self-liberation through getting rid of the false Me and discovering the true MeMe is here and now. The true â€Å"Me† in every human being is a part of the Divine that need to become apparent. True â€Å"Me† is given and doesn’t have to be cognizable. Relationship with ReligionIntegrationOpposition Search for Absolute Truth†¢Systemic approach – all events in the universe are interconnected †¢Searching inside yourself – through meditation and right living Though he should live a hundred years, not seeing the Truth Sublime; yet better, indeed, is the single days life of one who sees the Truth Sublime. – Buddha †¢More focused on individual events and the role of the person †¢Searching outside yourself through research and analysis The truth that survives is simply the lie that is pleasantest to believe. – H. L. Mencken Search for Truth Fundamental ResearchThe truth is given is does not to have be proved. The philosophic base for and culture of fundamental research is weaker. The truth needs to be proven. The philosophic base for and culture of fundamental research is stronger. FutureFuture is predetermined by ones own deeds today. Study the past if you would like to divine the future . – Confucius Future is unknown, ones destiny has been predetermined by God and depends very little on ones own deeds. You can never plan the future by the past. – Edmund Burke Beliefs and ValuesThe true key is inside. What is valuable – is the inner world of the human being and his natural ability to control and develop it. The way ahead – is through self-development (inside intervention). The superior man understands what is right; the inferior man understands what will sell. – Confucius By chasing desires you will meet only the outer surface. – Lao Tzu The main values are success and happiness, that can be achieved in different ways, but rarely through developing ones inner strength. The majority of the criteria for success and happiness have outer nature (money, faith, popularity, etc. ). The way ahead – is through active outside intervention. Happiness lies in virtuous activity, and perfect happiness lies in the best activity, which is contemplative. – Aristotle Individualism / CollectivismA human being is an integral part of the universe and the society. People are fundamentally connected and duty towards all others is a very serious matter. Collectivism is stronger. A human being has an individualistic nature, is an independent part of the universe and the society. Individualism is stronger. Improvement / EvolutionCyclic development, thus improvement has no limits and is an ultimate goal. Linear development, thus improvement has a goal. The development stops when the goal is reached. Radical Innovation / RevolutionThe fundamentals of the status quo should not be questioned. The culture of considering and introducing radical changes is weaker. The fundamentals of the status quo can – and often should – be questioned. The culture of considering and introducing radical changes is stronger. .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 , .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .postImageUrl , .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 , .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:hover , .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:visited , .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:active { border:0!important; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:active , .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70 .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uee484edfc009630d7527d1dd0d34fc70:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Anger EssayPassion VenturingEntrepreneurial ?reativity and venturing is contained by the habit to control ones passions. Desires are the cause of suffering. If desire, which lies at the route of all human passion, can be removed, then passion will die out and all human suffering will be ended. – Buddhism Vain indeed is all overweening pride in the conquest even of the entire universe if one has not conquered ones own passions. – Sri Aurobindo Entrepreneurial venturing is encouraged emotionally. Nothing is ever achieved by reasonable men. – J Fred Bucy of Texas Instruments Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm Always do what you are afra id to do Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail. – Ralph Waldo Emerson If you want to succeed, you have to forge new paths and avoid borrowed ones. – John Rockfeller Achievement WinningWinning is inside yourself. Though he should conquer a thousand men in the battlefield a thousand times, yet he, indeed, who would conquer himself is the noblest victor. – Buddha He who conquers others is strong; he who conquers himself is mighty. – Lao Tzu The Three Armies can be deprived of their commanding officer, but even a common man cannot be deprived of his purpose. – Confucius Winning is outside yourself. Youre not a star until they can spell your name in Karachi. – Roger Moore Life affords no higher pleasure than that of surmounting difficulties, passing from one stop of success to another, forming new wishes and seeing them gratified. – Samuel Johnson It is not because things are difficul t that we do not dare; it is because we do not dare that they are difficult. ImplementationSpiritual and missionary approach. To create and develop without any feelings of ownership, to work and guide without any expectation and control, is the best quality. – Lao Tzu To achieve self-liberation and nirvana you need to perform your duties without expecting any reward for it. – Vedanta, Hinduism Action can be achieved by inaction, where the result is achieved by Not-Me – Zen Pragmatic and emotional approach. The supreme accomplishment is to blur the line between work and play. – Arnold Toynbee Since most of us spend our lives doing ordinary tasks, the most important thing is to carry them out extraordinary well. – Henry David Thoreau Every minute you spend in planning saves 10 minutes in execution. – Brian Tracy Goals Key to SuccessSpiritual Virtuous life and adherence to performing your duties. – Confucianism If you really want eve rything, then give up everything. – Lao Tzu He is able who thinks he is able. – Buddha Materialistic The secret of success in life, and subsequently of making money, is to enjoy your work. If you do, nothing is hard work – no matter how many hours you put in. – Sir Billy Butlin Success is that old ABC – ability, breaks and courage. – Charles Luckman Flaming enthusiasm, backed by horse sense and persistence, is the quality that most frequently makes for success. – Dale Carnegie Living PrinciplesVirtue Be satisfied with whatever you have, and enjoy the same. When you come to know that you have everything, and you are not short of anything, then the whole world will be yours. – Lao Tzu The thought manifests as the word; The word manifests as the deed; The deed develops into habit; And habit hardens into character. So watch the thought and its ways with care, And let it spring from love born out of concern for all beings. â₠¬â€œ Buddha Ethic Refrain from doing ill; for one all powerful reason, lest our children should copy our misdeeds; we are all to prone to imitate whatever is base and depraved. – Juvenal There is no real excellence in all this world which can be separated from right living. – David Starr Jordan Establishing Control Over Your EmotionsThrough meditation A man can separate his/her mind from his/her emotions and control them. – Taoism Through analysis I can control my passions and emotions if I can understand their nature. – Spinosa LeadershipSpiritual; walking behind people; silence

Vegetarian Diet Essays - Diets, Vegetarianism, Intentional Living

Vegetarian Diet The vegetarian diet is becoming increasingly popular all the time. Is the vegetarian or meat diet better? A decade ago and earlier, the impression was that a vegetarian diet was lacking in the nutrients found in meat products. Today though, through research and nutritional science, it has been proven that all the nutrients found in meat can also be found in the correct vegetarian diet. Some may argue that by only consuming meat that is low in fat, meat and vegetarian diets have identical benefits. This is true only if one eats only very low fat meat. The lack of meat is not necessarily the main benefit of to the vegetarian. Vegetarians tend to eat more fruits, vegetables and grains that the meat eater. They also tend not to use tobacco and excessive alcohol. In addition, vegetarians tend to get more exercise. The term vegetarian can be misleading. This diet can take on many different variations. A fruitarian eats only fruits, seeds and nuts while the vegan eats these and vegetables, grains and legumes. A lacto vegetarian consumes the same as a vegan as well as dairy products. A lacto-ovo vegetarian follows after the lacto vegetarian but also includes eggs while the ovo vegetarian excludes dairy products. Finally, the partial vegetarian eats anything except red meat, or at least strictly limits it. Because the term vegetarian is used to cover all facets and variations, it is difficult to identify health benefits resulting from the vegetarian diet including all of the above. Most meat eaters do not realize that there are so many variations to the vegetarian diet, which makes accurate studies even more difficult. As a whole though, vegetarians tend to have less body fat than nonvegetarians. This is most likely due to the low fat and high carbohydrate content of their diet. Vegetarians usually have lower blood pressure than meat eaters because of lifestyle and diet. Other factors probably include exercise and resistance to smoking and alcohol intake. Coronary artery disease is directly related to saturated fat intake. In studies testing cholesterol levels, vegetarians beat out all others including those that only ate lean meats. Milk, however, lowers blood cholesterol, as does soy. Another benefit is the lack of digestive disorders among vegetarians. It is possible that this is directly related to the high fiber content consumed. The last main benefit of the vegetarian diet is its relationship to cancer rate reduction, especially colon cancer. People who develop colon cancer tend to eat more meat, less fiber, and more saturated fat than those without colon cancer. This is the same case with lymphatic cancer. The only advantage a meat eater might have over a vegetarian would be during pregnancy and childhood. Studies have shown that children grow best when they eat meat products. Likewise, vegetarian women may enter pregnancy too thin and be lacking in stores of nutrients. Obviously, there are advantages and drawbacks to both diets however I feel the vegetarian diets advantages greatly outweigh its shortcomings. Whether a meat eater or vegetarian, both diets can contribute to good health with proper planning.

Teaching Children to Count

Teaching Children to Count A childs first teacher is their parent. Children are often exposed to their earliest math skills by their parents. When children are young, parents use food and toys as a vehicle to get their children to count or  recite numbers. The focus tends to be on rote counting, always starting at number one rather than the understanding the concepts of counting. As parents feed their children, they will refer to one, two, and three as they give their child another spoonful or another piece of food or when they refer to building blocks and other toys. All of this is fine, but counting requires more than a simple rote approach whereby children memorize numbers in a chant-like fashion. Most of us forget how we learned the many concepts or principles of counting. Principles Behind Learning to Count Although weve given names to the concepts behind counting, we dont actually use these names when teaching young learners. Rather, we make observations and focus on the concept. Sequence: Children need to understand that regardless of which number they use for a starting point, the counting system has a sequence.Quantity or Conservation: The number also represents the group of objects regardless of size or distribution. Nine blocks spread all over the table are the same as nine blocks stacked on top of each other. Regardless of the placement of the objects or how theyre counted (order irrelevance), there are still nine objects. When developing this concept with young learners, its important to begin with pointing to or touching each object as the number is being said. The child needs to understand that the last number is the symbol used to represent the number of objects. They also need to practice counting the objects from bottom to top or left to right to discover that order is irrelevantregardless of how the items are counted, the number will remain constant.Counting Can Be Abstract: This may raise an eyebrow but have you ever asked a child to count the n umber of times youve thought about getting a task done? Some things that can be counted arent tangible. Its like counting dreams, thoughts or ideasthey can be counted but its a mental ​and not tangible process. Cardinality: When a child is counting a collection, the last item in the collection is the amount of the collection. For instance, if a child counts 1,2,3,4,5,6, 7 marbles, knowing that the last number represents the number of marbles in the collection is cardinality. When a child is prompted  to recount the marbles how many marbles there are, the child doesnt yet have cardinality. To support this concept, children need to be encouraged to count sets of objects and then probed for how many are in the set. The child needs to remember the last number represents the quantity of the set. Cardinality and quantity are related to counting concepts.Unitizing: Our number system groups objects into 10 once 9 is reached. We use a base 10 system whereby a 1 will represent ten, one hundred, one thousand, etc. Of the counting principles, this one tends to cause the greatest amount of difficulty for children. Note We’re  sure youll never look at counting quite the same way when working with your children. More importantly, always keep blocks, counters, coins or buttons to ensure that you are teaching the counting principles concretely. The symbols wont mean anything without the concrete items to back them up.

The Battle of Kettle Creek in the Revolutionary War

The Battle of Kettle Creek in the Revolutionary War The Battle of Kettle Creek was fought February 14, 1779, during the American Revolution (1775-1783). In 1778, the new British commander in North America, General Sir Henry Clinton, elected to abandon Philadelphia and concentrate his forces in New York City. This reflected a desire to protect this key base following the Treaty of Alliance between the Continental Congress and France. Emerging from Valley Forge, General George Washington pursued Clinton into New Jersey. Clashing at Monmouth on June 28, the British elected to break off the fighting and continue their retreat north. As British forces established themselves in New York City, the war in the north settled into a stalemate. Believing support for the British cause to be stronger in the south, Clinton began making preparations to campaign in strength in this region. Armies Commanders Americans Colonel Andrew PickensColonel John DoolyLieutenant Colonel Elijah Clarke300-350 militia British Colonel John BoydMajor William Spurgen600 to 800 militia Background Since the British repulse at Sullivans Island near Charleston, SC in 1776, little significant fighting had occurred in the South. In the fall of 1778, Clinton directed forces to move against Savannah, GA. Attacking on December 29, Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell succeeded in overwhelming the citys defenders. Brigadier General Augustine Prevost arrived the following month with reinforcements and assumed command in Savannah. Seeking to expand British control into the interior of Georgia, he directed Campbell to take around 1,000 men to secure Augusta. Departing on January 24, they were opposed by Patriot militia led by Brigadier General Andrew Williamson. Unwilling to directly engage the British, Williamson limited his actions to skirmishing before Campbell reached his objective a week later. Lincoln Responds In an effort to bolster his numbers, Campbell commenced recruiting Loyalists to the British cause. To enhance these efforts, Colonel John Boyd, an Irishman who had lived in Raeburn Creek, SC, was ordered to raise Loyalists in the backcountry of the Carolinas. Gathering around 600 men in central South Carolina, Boyd turned south to return to Augusta. In Charleston, the American commander in the South, Major General Benjamin Lincoln, lacked the forces to contest Prevost and Campbells actions. This changed on January 30, when 1,100 North Carolina militia, led by Brigadier General John Ashe, arrived. This force quickly received orders to join Williamson for operations against Campbells troops at Augusta. Pickens Arrives Along the Savannah River near Augusta, a stalemate ensued as Colonel John Doolys Georgia militia held the north bank while Colonel Daniel McGirths Loyalist forces occupied the south. Joined by around 250 South Carolina militia under Colonel Andrew Pickens, Dooly agreed to begin offensive operations in Georgia with the former in overall command. Crossing the river on February 10, Pickens and Dooly attempted to strike a British camp southeast of Augusta. Arriving, they found that the occupants had departed. Mounting a pursuit, they cornered the enemy at Carrs Fort a short time later. As his men commenced a siege, Pickens received information that Boyds column was moving towards Augusta with 700 to 800 men. Anticipating that Boyd would attempt to cross the river near the mouth of the Broad River, Pickens assumed a strong position in this area. The Loyalist commander instead slipped north and, after being repulsed by Patriot forces at Cherokee Ford, moved another five miles upstream before finding a suitable crossing. Initially unaware of this, Pickens crossed back into to South Carolina before receiving word of Boyds movements. Returning to Georgia, he resumed his pursuit and overtook the Loyalists as they paused to camp near Kettle Creek. Approaching Boyds camp, Pickens deployed his men with Dooly leading the right, Doolys executive officer, Lieutenant Colonel Elijah Clarke, commanding the left, and himself overseeing the center. Boyd Beaten In devising a plan for the battle, Pickens intended to strike with his men in the center while Dooly and Clarke swung wide to envelop the Loyalist camp. Pushing forward, Pickens advance guard violated orders and fired on the Loyalist sentries alerting Boyd to the impending attack. Rallying around 100 men, Boyd moved forward to a line of fencing and fallen trees. Frontally attacking this position, Pickens troops engaged in heavy fighting as Dooly and Clarkes commands were slowed by the swampy terrain on the Loyalist flanks. As the battle raged, Boyd fell mortally wounded and command devolved to Major William Spurgen. Though he tried to continue the fight, Dooly and Clarkes men began to appear from swamps. Under intense pressure, the Loyalist position began to collapse with Spurgens men retreating through the camp and across Kettle Creek. Aftermath In the fighting at the Battle of Kettle Creek, Pickens sustained 9 killed and 23 wounded while Loyalist losses numbered 40-70 killed and around 75 captured. Of Boyds recruits, 270 reached the British lines where they were formed into the North and South Carolina Royal Volunteers. Neither formation lasted long due to transfers and desertions. With the impending arrival of Ashes men, Campbell decided to abandon Augusta on February 12 and commenced his withdrawal two days later. The town would remain in Patriot hands until June 1780 when the British returned following their victory at the Siege of Charleston.

Analysis of The Pharmacy Services Industry Essay

Analysis of The Pharmacy Services Industry - Essay Example These stocks now have more of a growth profile than they had in the past. There is much opportunity for expansion, with billions of dollars in the business up for grabs! Besides, there is greater competition coming from every direction, as non-traditional channels are looking to get in on the act. Below, we discuss an evolving industry and provide a guide as to what to consider before committing funds here. Traditionally, this industry has been divided into two main categories: pharmacy services, which consist of Pharmacy Benefits Managers, or ‘PBMs’, as well as Clinical Services Providers and large drug chains. Although both groups distribute prescription drugs to consumers, they differ in that ‘PBM’s are mail-order operations while ‘chains’ sell from storefronts. The numerical arrays on the Value Line pages of companies in these groups are largely similar. However, the pages of PBMs, which are somewhat more capital intensive, list capital spen ding per share and depreciation; whereas, the pages of drug chains include the number of stores and gross margin. Within the business description on the Value Line page, investors find a company's mix of pharmacy and general merchandise sales. A heavy weighting of wide-margined pharmacy business is vital to a company's wellbeing. Pharmacy business is less sensitive to economic cycles and a sales slowdown here could indicate a serious problem. The prescription growth rate is another noteworthy figure in measuring the health of a company, and it is gaining prominence. Demographics point to a rise in the number of Americans aged 65 and older, over the next two decades. Increasingly, Baby Boomers will require medical care and pharmaceuticals, auguring well for the industry's sales and earnings prospects. The largest pharmacy services providers are best positioned to reap the coming rewards of the industry (Walgreens Co., 2013 www.walgreens.com/ and CVS Pharmacy, 2013 www.cvs.com/). BACK GROUND/HISTORY CVS CVS Caremark Corporation, together with its associates, provides unified pharmacy health care services in the United States. The company’s Pharmacy Services division offers pharmacy benefit management services, including plan design and administration, formulary management, discounted drug purchase provisions, Medicare Part D services, mail order and specialty pharmacy services, retail pharmacy network management amenities, prescription management systems, quantifiable services and disease controlling services (Yahoo finance, 2013). This division sells its products through retail drugstores; the ‘online retail pharmacy website’, CVS.com; onsite pharmacy stores and retail health care clinics. As on December 31, 2012, the company operated 7,458 retail drugstores, 640 Minute Clinic locations, 31 retail specialty pharmacy stores, 12 specialty mail order pharmacies, and 5 mail order pharmacies. CVS Caremark Corporation was founded in 1892 and is bas ed in Woonsocket, Rhode Island (Yahoo Finance, 2013). Walgreens Walgreen is an innovated and intuitive organization that takes ‘the shopping experience’ to another level. The organization has devoted it’s time to being helpful to the consumers and ensures that shopping is made as convenient as possible. With its many divisions, it operates a network of drugstores in the United States. It provides consumer goods and services; it also provides pharmacy, health and wellness services through drugstores along with novel methods such as mail, telephone, and online modes.  

Forms of goverment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Forms of goverment - Essay Example The United States occasionally infers this unique trait from the nature of political foundations characterized by the Declaration of Independence, the American Revolution, and the constitution. Public purpose is any decision or policy enacted by the government in favor of the nation as a whole. Public purpose often requires the government to justify ethical and unethical means for establishing distinguished domain over domestic and sometimes international property. The public sector is the section of an economy that offers primary government amenities (Dickerson et al., 2009). The government controls and finances this section. The rule of law is important in controlling how governments and other public organizations exercise their powers (Dickerson et al., 2009). Under this importance, the rule of law addresses the concept of supremacy and sovereignty of the constitution. The rule of law further ensures that the law applies to all people equally while providing even protection without bias. The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act is a policy that set up a value-based system of choosing government officials and overseeing their work (Benedict, 2011). President Chester Alan Arthur signed this act in January 16, 1883. President Arthur named this act after its main sponsor Senator George Pendleton, an Ohio democrat in 1882. Even so, renowned lawyer and campaigner for civil service improvements, Dorman Bridgman Eaton, wrote it. According to Eaton, this act would award work based on value analyses and a civil service committee would oversee the entire procedure (Benedict,

Forces of Gravity Essay Example for Free

Forces of Gravity Essay Throughout the course of the following investigation, I will be exploring a variety of methods to discover how a changed variable affects the speed in which a controlled type of paper (printer paper), formed into a model helicopter will descend from a specified height. Variables There is an abundance of variables in which I can change throughout the duration of this analysis that ultimately may have an affect on the speed that my helicopter falls. The first variable possible is the wingspan; my reason for choosing this variable in my investigation is that, as the surface area of the wing decreases, this leads to speed of the helicopter increases proportionally to the size of the wings. Evidence to support this is that the air resistance will have a smaller surface area and as the helicopter drops friction between the helicopter and the air molecules will convert kinetic energy into heat energy, if less wingspan is available their will be less friction, therefore the helicopter will fall faster. In order to ensure a fair investigation, I must consider the thickness of the paper I use to make my helicopter, as this too may affect the rate in which the helicopter falls therefore I will not be able to judge whether the wing length was the deciding factor or whether the type of paper had a decisive role. This leads me to my next variable I could choose to explore, which is the mass of the paper helicopter. In order to implement and successfully accomplish the effects on mass of the helicopter, I would add paper clips to the bottom, which on average have a total mass of 0. 25g to the helicopter. This supplementary weight would cause a greater resultant force in the favour of gravity, which would cause a greater acceleration. This is because the weight is great than the drag force, causing there to be an unbalanced force. The force necessary to accelerate an object by a given amount depends on the objects mass, therefore the greater the mass, the greater the force must be. Chosen Variable I have decided choosing the total surface area of the wingspan in my investigation and the reasoning behind this decision is that I believe this variable from my preliminary work would be much better to collect results from for my analysis. When executing my preliminary tests prior to this investigation, I noticed that when dropping my helicopter with an altered mass, the vertical acceleration time did not seem to have considerable differences between the starting and finishing points as it did for the wingspan. Therefore, this would make the investigation very difficult to accomplish since there is not much evidence to examine. So I have come to the decision of changing the wingspan, as I think it will provide a more reliable set of results, and will be able to explain more clearly in scientific reasoning for the increase in speed. Prediction. I believe that as I slowly decrease the helicopters wingspan by gradually measuring and cutting 1 cm off my wing length each time repeatedly should lead to an overall increase of the helicopters vertical acceleration. My plan is to be able to show that my hypothesis is correct but in order to ensure this I must be able to relate the information to the Speed formula to calculate the speed at which the helicopter gradually falls from the certain height. Overall, I believe the graph will show a negative correlation for both wingspan to time taken to fall and the Speed in relation to surface are of the wings.i ormula: Speed = Distance Time My prediction for the speed of the helicopter is that as the wingspan decreases the vertical speed of the paper helicopter increases, which I believe is as a result of the rotation of the wings going through a different cylinder of air each occasion, which suggests the fact that a wing span of 8cm would have a cylinder volume of air of ? r2. Therefore, as the wingspan decreases, the amount of air molecules contained inside the cylinder of air would be decreased proportionally to the wingspan. Furthermore, this would conclude in less air resistance against the force of gravity that forces the paper helicopter to fall because of the reduction of the wingspan, less air resistance would be needed to restrain the overall vertical acceleration. Although, as the helicopter gradually gains speed, the air resistances would increase likewise, until it becomes so great that it pushes against forces of Gravity, which ultimately forces the helicopter to vertically accelerate downwards. Nevertheless, eventually the resistance force will become equal to the opposing force, which in this case is Gravity, thus resulting the helicopter in not accelerating anymore since the forces are balanced. Therefore, it has met its Terminal Velocity (maximum speed). In relation to other theories, the three laws of Motion by Sir Isaac Newton begin to investigate Gravitational attraction and discovered that theres a gravitational attraction between all masses, giving everything a weight. This suggests that everything without air must have the same acceleration, which is ten m/s. This would mean that without gravity applying forces to push the helicopter downwards, it would still eventually land, because of its mass and because of this I would be made to believe that this may another reason for the acceleration of my helicopter. He also discovered that in most changes of Velocity, more than one force is acting on the accelerated object, such concurrent forces produce a signal net force. If the force pushing down on the helicopter is greater than the upwards draft, there will be a net force in the downward direction, therefore the helicopter will accelerate in that direction.

Water Pollution Must Be Stopped :: Environmental Pollution Essays

Water pollution must be stopped. Pollution of lakes rivers, streams, and oceans has been killing land and water animals for years. Polluting water is a horrible act and will be stopped. Water pollution kills all kinds of animals every year. Just the EXXON VALDEZ oil spill near anchorage Alaska caused over 3,000 otters to die 36,000 different kinds of seabirds were killed and over 100 eagles. Oil spills are one of--if not the worst types of pollution. They happen most often in the ocean and then get spread around by tides and currents where they enter streams and rivers and cover everything. They kill life and pollute more in a short amount of time than pesticides and human waste combined in about 1 year. (See graph on page 2 for more inf.) Radioactive Waste is a very serious problem polluting the lakes and oceans. Submarines release some radioactivity into the water. If a submarine ever crashed enough radioactivity would be released to destroy a region of about 300 sq. miles (this happens because of the nuclear engines) Human waste is when people dump their.... deification in the water and have sewer lines leading to water which also pollutes a lot (little streams lead to big lakes). Human waste is also when we dump garbage in the ocean because we cannot find places on land to dump it. Some more types of pollution are.. Infectious Gases, Plant nutrients that can simulate growth of aquatic plants which then interfere with water uses and, when decaying, deplete the dissolved oxygen and produce nasty odors. Exotic organic chemicals including: pesticides, various industrial products, detergents. petroleum, inorganic materials, nuclear power plants, industrial sites, medical and scientific use of radioactive materials. Water pollution was originally caused by need of space (to dump trash). I can say that the major sources (in general) that cause water pollution are: Municipal, Agricultural, and Industrial. The dumping of garbage was caused by the lack of space in landfills. Instead of recycling some people started dumping the trash in the water, that slowed in 1956 when the Federal Water Pollution Control Act was created. It slowed almost to a halt in 1977 when the Clean Water Act was created. But, it still happens. Company's still dump waste in the ocean, streams, and rivers even though it is against the law. Eventually water pollution will cause there to be no life in the ocean, lakes, and rivers.

Gender Preference Essay

Nowadays, most people have accepted many new ideas, such as couples living together before marriage, men staying home as home-husbands and divorce. However, in developing countries, a significant proportion of the population are still holding a very serious preference for male offspring and yearning to have a male baby, despite the fact that females can take care of their parents physically and psychologically far better than their male peers. It is worth looking into the reason for and some negative ongoing consequences of this male preference. The explanation can be traced to the traditional male-centered culture. Since the primitive era, women have become the belongings of their husbands, and their major job was producing a male heir for their husband. This is because only males can preserve the family name and the inheritance. In addition, as Tina Rosenberg described in her article â€Å"The Daughter Deficit†, a son is a financial necessary for parents. Only sons take responsibility to look after their aged parents, and daughters have limited contact with their parents soon after they become someone’s wife. If a couple couldn’t produce a son, they would think they are the most miserable couple in the world and would suffer long-term loneliness in their old age. Moreover, some countries hold a very strange superstition, that if a woman gives birth to more than 3 daughters, her husband will die. It is hardly surprising that the strong determination to have baby boys can lead to catastrophic consequences. After a long history of son preference stemming from the old culture, some countries are now facing very serious gender imbalance. This results from the extreme measures which have been used to get rid of an unwanted baby girl, for some people decide to go to any lengths to get the type of baby they want. The first of them is sex-selective abortion. Now, high technology like ultrasound scanning makes it very easy and convenient to achieve that goal. Its popularity and prevalence has caused numerous fetuses to die before they can see their Mom’s face. The second action is infanticide. Some infants have chance enjoy the sunshine and mom’s smile for a little while before their parents arrange their death just because they are not male descendants who can carry their family name and bring honor to their family as their parents think. Although some girls are lucky enough to stay with their dear mommy for several years, at last their mothers have to abandon them due to the family or society pressure. Even worse, some girls are neglected to death. These facts are heartbreaking, these parents are unforgivable and the consequences are very serious. According o the observation of Tina Rosenberg in her article, â€Å"The Daughter Deficit†, in India and China, more than 1.5 million fewer girls were born each year than i t is predicated. Also, according to census data released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the gender ratio was 117.7 newborn boys for every 100 girls in 2012 in China. This means that millions women are missing and there would be a dramatic excess of men. However, the impact of male preference goes beyond the immediate consequence of the disordered ratio of males to females, and it brings about more complicated implications in the long term. This unbalanced population can lead to a series of social problems. The serious gender imbalance has produced a large number of extra young men. Obviously, when they reach adulthood, some of them would find it extremely difficult to get married. With the poor prospect of getting a wife, some young men would resort to alcohol and drugs as comfort, while some of the others might take risks or get into fights in order to improve their prospects. Even more, some desperate young men are likely to blame their whole predicament on the society and government. As a result, they would pursue revenge on society, and cause a lot of trouble for innocent people. Eventually, everyone, including people who criticize the unfair treatment towards girls, will suffer from the serious consequences of an unstable society. In conclusion, the essential reason for the bias in favor of male offspring is the traditional man-centered culture, and it causes a series of negative effects. If society doesn’t take it very serious and make some changes, it can be foreseen that our brilliant culture would collapse due to this unfair preference.

Brannigan Case Analysis Essay

  Strengths: Brannigan Foods’ Soup Division has the largest soup market share in the United States at 39.8%. They are willing to change and have the capital to do so.   Weaknesses: The soup industry as a whole has been on a consistent decline over the last several years. Brannigan’s has wasted money acquiring small businesses that have done little to nothing for profits. They have also been developing different types of soup in which only 1 out of 100 is actually well received by consumers.   Opportunities: They have the potential to be the leaders in healthy canned soups that are offered in a variety of trendy flavors. Brannigan Foods is already a well –established brand with many loyal followers who can regain their brand identity through less marketing than a newer or smaller business.   Threats: Frozen and deli soup industries are trending and causing the market shares of shelved soups to plummet. Any quick and easy meal option from fast food to macaroni and cheese are threats to this industry and to Brannigan’s The problem presented in this case is that Mr. Bert Clark needs to make a formal budget and action plan for the CEO to address the three year downturn in profitability, market share and sales. Consumers aren’t purchasing as much soup as they have in the past. With so much variety, not only within soups, but among all food options, it’s hard to make consumers choose only your brand every time. Price plays a large role in buyer decisions when it comes to items that they plan to store in their cupboard. If the price isn’t low enough, they can just switch brands or wait until later to purchase their stock items. Brannigan’s has been steadily increasing their price to ebb the effects of the lower sales amounts. Brannigan’s hasn’t done anything to increase the value of their soups in the minds of consumers; they have only raised the price. The true problem is that customers aren’t finding enough value in Brannigan Foods Soups to rationalize spending more on them than they had before. I propose that they have a contest to develop new flavors of soups, with the winner receiving a combination price of money and a year’s supply of Brannigan Foods Soups. Buying up smaller brands of soups doesn’t sound feasible seeing as how it hasn’t worked at any time before for this company. Another option is to seasonalize the soups to allow for new flavor varieties to be introduced in spurts. Heartier (potato, noodle and cream) soups are desired in the winter, where as a gazpacho is in a higher demand in the summer. Allow consumers to take surveys to receive coupons for your products and ask them what they want in a soup. The contest concept can do wonders for creating a buzz about your product and is the best alternative. Even more importantly, you are gaining insight into exactly what the consumers want. This nation has been so overly advertised to that people tend to ignore ads all together. What they don’t ignore is the chance to win something with no risk. Lay’s â€Å"Do Us a Flavor† contest has been a great success over traditional marketing strategies. Why you ask? â€Å"The answer is simple: consumers don’t trust traditional marketing strategies anymore, and businesses are getting creative, using consumer-generated marketing—directly involving the customer in the marketing and development of products—to succeed† (Jones, 2013). Works Cited Jones, Alex. â€Å"Potato Chips and the Role of the Consumer in Marketing and Product Development.† FRESHMR. Market Strategies International, 17 May 2013. Web. 26 Jan. 2014.

A Brave New World essays

A Brave New World essays One may think that the society in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World is a gross representation of the future, but perhaps our society isnt that much different. In his foreword to the novel Brave New World, Aldous Huxley envisioned this statement when he wrote: "To make them love it is the task assigned, in present-day totalitarian states, to ministries of propaganda...." Thus, through hypnopaedic teaching (brainwashing), mandatory attendance to community gatherings, and the use of drugs to control emotions, Huxley bitterly satirized the society in which we live. The way the fascist and totalitarian regimes of the past used mass propaganda techniques to brainwash their people was very similar to the way Huxley described the hypnopaedic teachings in his novel. He also thought, however, that the present-day totalitarian states' methods were still "crude and unscientific." For example, in the novel the different classes had been brainwashed since birth to believe that they all contributed equally to society. Therefore, the people wouldn't try to think for themselves because they had never been trained to think anything differently. In addition, they didn't have any knowledge of a society that they could compare themselves to. In our society, many great lessons have been learned from the mistakes of rulers in the past. This is revealed when the Director said, "History is bunk." In our society, the dictators attempted to gain control of the world, but they usually failed because they weren't able to persuade the entire world to think like them. I n the past, Communist leaders have attempted to rewrite history, but in Brave New World, this was taken one step further; they forgot about history altogether. The only people who had access to any knowledge of the past were the ones who had the power: the World Controllers. Thus, they were able to create a society that fit their liking. ...

17 Gorgeous Box Braids Styles and How to Care For Them

17 Gorgeous Box Braids Styles and How to Care For Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In the '90s, box braids were everywhere. They were the coolest hairstyle, and our favorite movie and tv characters were wearing them, from Dionne in Clueless to Moesha. As is often the case, what was once cool is cool again. Box braids are back! If you're too young to remember the heyday of box braids or if you've never worn this hairstyle, it's time to up your box braid knowledge. In this article, I'll enlighten you on all things box braids. I'll thoroughly detail what they are, how they're made, how they can be styled, and how to maintain them. So buckle up as I break it down for you in this box braid bible. What Are Box Braids? Box braids are a hairstyle associated with African and African-American hair. To make box braids, the entire head of hair is parted into boxes and each section is braided from the box all the way down. Often, box braids will be mistaken for corn rows and vice versa. Don't make this rookie mistake. The difference between box braids and cornrows is that cornrows are braided directly from the scalp, and the braids in box braids start from the boxes of hair on the scalp. For black people, and black women especially, braids and twists (in which the hair is twisted instead of braided) are known as protective hairstyles because they protect natural hair from the elements and don’t require daily maintenance. Here are some pictures of specific protective hairstyles so you can see how they look and how they differ. First, check out cornrows. In this hairstyle, the hair is braided directly from the scalp: A photo posted by Stasha Harris (@magicfingers84) on Aug 1, 2016 at 7:01pm PDT Next, here's a type of twist hairstyle known as Senegalese or rope twists. The hair is twisted instead of braided to create this look. #senegalesetwists A photo posted by Marie Hair braiding (@marie_bundu) on Jun 25, 2016 at 1:46pm PDT Finally, this is a woman with box braids. Notice how the braids start from sections of hair instead of directly from the scalp. A photo posted by Victoria Knight (@victoria_knight_) on Aug 2, 2016 at 10:07am PDT The Process of Getting Box Braids Getting box braids is a lengthy and labor-intensive process. Depending on the size of your braids and your stylist’s skill, the process can take anywhere from 2-12 hours. Preparation Before getting a box braid hairstyle, you have to prep your hair. Here are the things you need to make sure to do to your hair before getting box braids: Shampoo Detangle Deep-condition Blow dry Going through these steps will ensure your hair is as healthy and clean as possible. While your hair is braided, you won’t be able to get rid of all the dirt and bacteria from your hair and scalp, so your hair should be super clean before it gets braided. If your hair is long enough, box braids can be done with just your natural hair. However, if you want some additional length, hair pieces can be woven in. Keep in mind if you use extensions, that will add to the cost. Cost The cost for box braids varies depending on the length of your hair, the thickness of your braids, how much artificial hair is used, and where you get your braids done. Without extensions, you can get them at a salon for about $100-$300. Extensions with synthetic hair will normally add about $20-$50 to the cost, depending on the type of synthetic hair and how many packs you use. If you use human hair for your extensions, that will significantly increase the cost, and human hair is not recommended for larger braids. You can try to braid your own hair or have a friend do them to lower your cost, but most often, you'll get the best results if you have your braids done by a professional. The Basic Box Braid Steps First, all the hair must be parted into individual boxes one at a time. When you grab a section of hair, the hair on your scalp should look somewhat like a little square or rectangle. The size of the boxes can vary, depending on how big you want the braids to be. After the boxes have been created, the section of hair in each box is further divided into three even subsections and braided down to the ends. At the end of the process, the entire head of hair should be in individual braids. Then, you should moisturize your hair and scalp. Here you can watch an almost 20 minute video of a woman getting box braids with extensions. She takes you through the entire process, from getting her hair washed, to parting the hair, to braiding in the extensions: 5 Types of Box Braids There are multiple box braid styles. Depending on your style preference and your hair type, here are some box braid types you can choose from: Poetic Justice Braids Sometimes people will refer to box braids as Poetic Justice braids, but specifically, Poetic Justice braids are thick, long box braids, like the ones Janet Jackson wore in the movie Poetic Justice. Typically, thick box braids work best on women with thicker hair. Janet Jackson with her Poetic Justice braids Micro Braids The thinnest of the box braids are known as micro braids. They’re a great option if you have fine hair. Check out some micro braid examples: A photo posted by zencià ¶rgà ¼sà ¼ cornrows box braid (@zenci_orgusu_afro) on Jul 29, 2016 at 2:49am PDT A photo posted by CoilyHairedBeauty (@_coilyhairedbeauty_) on Jul 27, 2016 at 9:52pm PDT Ombre Braids Many women will opt for ombre braids if they’re getting extensions. Ombre just means that the hair is darker at the root and gradually becomes lighter. You can get your braids in a ton of colors, including red, green, gold, silver, brown, and purple. Use colored braids to add some pop to your hairstyle. However, depending on the colors you choose, this look may not be seen as â€Å"professional,† so make sure the colors will work for your lifestyle. A photo posted by H'ADAS Hair💎 (@hadashair) on Aug 1, 2016 at 9:am PDT Short Box Braids Your box braids don’t have to be long, even though most women choose to go long with their braids. You can do a box braid bob and look totally awesome. Typically, the shorter dos work better with thicker braids. A photo posted by Kersti Pitre (@kersti.pitre) on Sep 30, 2015 at 9:32pm PDT A photo posted by hi felicia! (@feeeenicole) on Jul 2, 2015 at 5:58pm PDT Shaved Sides You can rock long box braids and shave the sides and back of your hair. This undercut look provides some glam and edge. A photo posted by @boxbraidsbeauties on Mar 7, 2015 at 9:28am PST A photo posted by Cynthia (@hairbyclarity) on Feb 26, 2015 at 12:31pm PST 12 Box Braid Hairstyles After you get your box braids, there are a ton of ways you can style them. One of the biggest advantages of the box braid hairstyle is that it’s very versatile. Here are some of the most popular box braid hairstyles, complete with descriptions and pics. General Hairstyles for Box Braids For the most part, any hairstyle you can do with long hair, you can do with box braids. For example, here are some classic hairstyles you can do withbox braids. Additionally, you can use any combination of these looks. Buns Depending on the length and thickness of your braids, you can wear a variety of buns. You can sport your bun in the back of your head or near the front. Furthermore, you can put all your hair in a bun, or you can put some of your hair in a bun and wear the rest of your braids down. A photo posted by 👑🠍 ­Ã¢Å¡â€"MelanieSheree ðŸÅ' ºÃ°Å¸â€˜â€˜Ã°Å¸ ¦â€ž (@melaniewashere) on Jul 31, 2016 at 7:37pm PDT A photo posted by Sue's Belle Coiffure (@sue_s_belle_coiffure) on Dec 14, 2015 at 8:34am PST Ponytails It’s pretty easy to put box braids into ponytails. Again, there are a ton of ponytails you can use on box braids. You can do a side ponytail, pigtails, a high ponytail, half ponytail, or just a simple traditional ponytail. A photo posted by yarimejia (@yarimejia) on Apr 19, 2016 at 7:18pm PDT Braids You can braid your box braids. It’s like a braid within abraid. I call them inception braids. Check it out: A photo posted by Jalisa Joy (@ling_stylez) on Jun 19, 2015 at 10:53am PDT Specific Styles for Box Braids In addition to the general looks that are possible, here are some more specific box braid hairstyles. Again, you can use any of these looks or combine looks to create a style all your own. The Beyonce Bun This hairstyle was popularized by Beyoncà ©. She rocked this look after she gave birth to Blue Ivy, and in typical Beyoncà © fashion, she started a trend. Here’s Beyoncà © sporting the Beyoncà © bun: A photo posted by Lina Kewas (@pitaluh) on Apr 8, 2016 at 9:43pm PDT And check out this girl looking fabulous with her Beyoncà © bun: A photo posted by Hannah Israel (@braidsbyhannah) on Jan 14, 2015 at 8:42am PST Twisted Bun The twisted bun is basically a bun that has twisted or braided hair. You can create this look by twisting your braids and putting them in a bun. Typically, this look works better with thicker braids. The bun can be at the top of the head or closer to the neck. Here are a couple of examples of twisted buns with box braids. A photo posted by Meka (@mekajoi_stylez) on Jul 7, 2016 at 12:02pm PDT A photo posted by TwistedFingersbyFayme (@twistedfingersbyfayme) on May 16, 2016 at 10:04am PDT Super High Bun This is a bun or twisted bun that is closer to the front of your head. It gives a sophisticated look, and it can be a worn at work or for a night out. A photo posted by fatumahasha (@fatumahasha) on Dec 29, 2015 at 2:44am PST Side Part The side part is extremely simple to create. All you have to do is flip your braids to one side to sport this fierce look: A photo posted by IronyOfAshi | Agatha 🇠³Ã°Å¸â€¡ ¬ (@ironyofashi) on Aug 27, 2015 at :38am PDT Thick Braid You can braid your box braids into one thick braid in the back for a comfortable, fashionable look. While buns can add extra weight on your head and possibly hurt your neck, you won’t run into any of those issues with the braid. A photo posted by Baby Kincy (@myeyesruphere) on Jun 2, 2014 at 5:25pm PDT Ear Buns I’m kinda feeling this look. This do consists of two buns at the sides of your head while wearing the rest of your hair down. It’s sporty and cute. A photo posted by Box Braids (@bestboxbraids) on Sep 22, 2015 at 5:pm PDT A photo posted by Box Braids (@bestboxbraids) on Jul 16, 2016 at 5:47pm PDT Crown of Braids You can make a bun-like crown of braids by bringing your hair from the back and working along your hairline. This is a lovely, regal do. A photo posted by Kersti Pitre (@kersti.pitre) on Sep 25, 2015 at 9:39pm PDT The High Half Ponytail You can bring your braids from the side to the top of your head to make a high half ponytail. This is a good style for going out or if you just want to add some extra spice to your normal look. A photo posted by L I Z Z I E L O V E S (@lizzieloves.x) on Jan , 2016 at 10:37am PST Accessorizing Box Braids On top of all the various hairstyles you can wear with box braids, you can also accessorize your hair to add a little something extra. You can put beads in your braids, and you can use scarves or headbands. The scarves and headbands can help you create different hairstyles, but the beads are just for show. A photo posted by @boxbraidsgang_ on Jun 2, 2015 at 1:39pm PDT A photo posted by Magda DziÄ™giel (@holla_jazzy) on Oct 2, 2015 at 9:48am PDT How to Style Box Braids: 3 VideoTutorials If you want to see how various box braid hairstyles are created, I've posted a few video tutorials to walk you through the process. The first shows 12 ways you can style your box braids. The next shows seven top hairstyles for box braids or Senegalese twists: Finally, you can watch this video which shows six simple and elegant box braid styles: 3 Thingsto Consider Before Getting Box Braids Here are some essential things to think about before you get your box braids. How Big Do You Want Them? Do you want thick rope-like braids or very small braids? Small box braids work better for fine hair. If you have fine hair and opt for a bigger braid, the weight could damage your hair and you probably won’t get the volume you desire. Big box braids work better for thick hair. If you have thick hair and get braids that are too small, you’ll end up with a ridiculous number of braids, the braids may be too thick to style, and they’ll have too much weight. Make Sure Your Hair Is Ready Before getting a box braid hairstyle, you have to prep your hair. Thoroughly clean your hair, and don’t put any product in your hair before you get it done. This will ensure your hair is as healthy and clean as possible. Again, while your hair is braided, you won’t be able to be able to get rid of all the dirt and bacteria from your hair and scalp, so you need to make sure your hair is super clean before it gets braided. Mentally Prepare Yourself for the Process The process of getting box braids takes hours. On average, it typically requires about 4-8 hours. Generally, the smaller your braids, the longer the process. Also, the braiding can be uncomfortable. However, even though it can be a bit unpleasant, it shouldn’t be extremely painful. Intense pain can be a symptom that you’re experiencing hair loss. If you're in agony, let your stylist know, and she can adjust the tension or take your braids out. How toMaintain Your Box Braids Like all hairstyles, box braids have to be maintained, but a huge benefit of getting box braids is that they don’t require much daily maintenance. Don’t wash your hair too much, but keep your hair and scalp clean. While you should only wash your hair about once every week or two with box braids, you can clean your scalp more often. Dampen a washcloth and dip it into warm water and witch hazel astringent. Then part your hair and rub the washcloth on your scalp. Don’t leave your braids in for too long. Again, the braids only last a maximum of about two months. If you leave them in longer than that, they’re going to start to look unkempt. Also, leaving braids or weaves in for too long can lead to alopecia, or the thinning of the hairline. Your hairline is especially susceptible if your braids are too tight around the hairline. If you’re especially worried about damaging your hairline, you can undo and rebraid the front few rows after about a month. Additionally, make sure that your hairstyle isn’t too tight. Don’t wear an extremely tight bun or ponytail. If your hair is pulled back too tight, that can damage your hairline as well. If possible, wear a satin headscarf at night. This will help keep your edges looking good and protect your scalp from drying out. Keep your scalp moist. You can prevent your scalp from drying out by spraying your scalp with water when you’re not washing your scalp or hair. Only use natural oils to keep your hair and scalp moisturized. Stylists recommend avoiding mineral oils, even though they’re popular in many braid moisturizers. Instead, use natural oils like almond oil and coconut oil. Also, you can use shea butter to soothe and moisturize your scalp.

Skoda Auto Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Skoda Auto - Case Study Example Globally, Skoda Auto commands significant brand recall. Their claim to fame was always their pedigree. Skoda Auto realized the need to communicate information about its product features. The recent print campaign attempts that. In June last year, the company played the safety card. The advertising strategy is pitched on safety. So there is a mother and kid print ad, and the copy reads we fill our airbags with life.' The proposition was centered on the fact that Skoda automobile comes with six airbags - a feature that safeguards the owner and his little one. This feature targets customers who are safety conscious. "We use television commercials as part of the corporate branding strategy, while the print advertisements communicate the benefits," explains Vaid. The recent well built' television commercial is a 30-second film shot in exotic locales in Goa. It says that the car needs to be well built to carry one's loved ones. However, the contemporariness of models has a big impact on purchase decision. The perception of the car in terms of its performance and design, quality, sales and after-sales, cost of ownership, apart from brand image, all affect the purchase decision. Product quality has the highest correlation with brand image, Bhatia says.

Impacts of Immigration on Origin and Host Countries Research Paper

Impacts of Immigration on Origin and Host Countries - Research Paper Example This is because they are likely to move out of their native homes at one point in search of employment or for other reasons thus it is important that they understand the consequences of immigration. Immigration refers to the movement of individuals from their country or region to other countries that they are not native. In most cases, people move to other areas for the purpose of settling permanently. It is usually a result of a number of factors some of which include economic and political reasons, natural disasters or one’s willingness to change the environment. Immigration is also associated with both negative and positive impacts. On one hand, they may fill the workforce gap in the country they might have moved into that may have been created as a result of the aging population especially in the western countries. This is usually the case where Africans move to the western countries. On the other hand, the immigrants may influence the natives negatively by introducing culture in the new environment that could be detrimental to the culture of the country that they will have moved to. Studies indicate that immigration has been found to have negative impacts on the native population. Data 1: Research has shown that the majority of the immigrants consist of the young population that possesses high degrees in different domains. They usually move from their native homes especially those in the developing nations in search of job opportunities in the developed nations. Backing: In the developing nations, there is a little industrialization and thus high unemployment cases due as there is competition for the few jobs available. Individuals then move out of their countries and in turn this causes brain drain. This is because as they move out, the number of elite individuals decreases.

Week 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 4 - Essay Example Although the changes will affect my personal life in an apparent negative way, it will save on my money and also on the local water supply as a whole. Concerning the local water supply, my strategy would be to reduce the amount of water delivered to my homestead and this would also imply a reduction of electricity cost for the local supplier. As a general strategy of water saving for the whole region, I would suggest the recycling of water. This might appear as a hard nut to crack but the water that goes to waste on a daily basis is even more than we could ever imagine. For instance, the water used to wash dishes could be used to water the kitchen garden. However, there are cons and pros of this method. Starting with cons, it should be said that this method requires use of washing buckets instead of washing sink to make it easier to retrieve the water. There is no doubt it is a big nuisance. Also, the method will require more than just throwing the water on the garden. Moreover, it is required to sieve the water of unnecessary material before using it for watering. Taking the total household use as 272 gallons, considering each gallon to be about 8.3 lbs in weight, then carrying the water home from a distant source would mean carrying about 2257.6 lbs per day per person. This is incredible but it happens every day in the developing countries. This difference, which is quite big, can be attributed to water wastage like that in the bathroom. It can also happen due to the use of machines not designed within the concepts of water saving

Sara Lee Retrenchment Strategy

Sara Lee Retrenchment Strategy In order to focus on being more profitable in designated industries, Sara Lee reduced its business units in 2006. A total of eight businesses had been retrenched and divested, which included, direct selling, U.S. retail coffee, European apparel, European nuts snacks, European rice, U.S. meat snacks, and European meats and Sara Lee apparel (site case study). Sara Lee expected to obtain approximately $3 billion net after proceed from divesting those businesses. Five of Sara Lees divest businesses had negative net profit margins as well as negative operating margins. Four of the five businesses had a negative margin greater than 10%. The other businesses were declining in revenues at an accelerating rate, prior to the strategic decision to divest in them. One of Sara Lees strategic goals was to increase sales by two percent in addition to increasing the profit margins to 12% by the year 2010; a company goal to increase sales nearly $14 billion. In order to do this, Sara Lee had to focu s solely on the goods, beverage, and product household industry, areas where profitability flourishes. This also allowed the organization to follow a strategy that would provide them with the necessary resources to increase corporate profits, as opposed to being unprofitable before. Since 1939, the Sara Lee Corporation has maintained their vision which identifies they want to and plan to be the first choice to their customers and consumers all over the world by innovative ideas, and continuous improvement (Sara Lee website). Sara Lees mission focuses on delighting consumers every day. Sara Lee has also employed a differentiation strategy, and diversifying by acquisition. What was very creative on the organizations part was launching an initiative called Project Accelerate. In 2008, Project Accelerate was launched and is a program designed to reduce costs and increase productivity. To do this, the company had to focus on overhead cost, reform its supply chain and outsource. This program was projected to save up to $400 million by the end of 2012. In 2010 alone, Project Accelerate saved Sara Lee nearly $180 million. Within a three-year period, management also bought back close to $3 billion in common shares (site case study). Unfortunately, by the end of 2010, Sara Lee only obtained revenue of just $10.8 billion. The company then dissociated the international household and body care business. Sara Lee continued its same strategy: employing broad differentiation strategy. It does not specify in this case study or on their website if the goal was to have the lowest priced products, but the idea of differentiating from other brands allow Sara Lee to show value of their brand and provide high quality products. After the retrenchments, Sara Lee focused more on food beverage, and food service, in which their fresh bread sales, for an example, increase to over $600 million within a three year time period. This increase was due Sara Lees grocery-store and fast-food restaurant leverages. Sara Lee had a strong market share in that particular area of the industry and eventually beverage profits increased, international products increased, and low-calorie desserts met the needs of consumers all over the world. Since Sara Lee has a successful business strategy that focuses on product innovation and customer demand, its products have been successful in many business markets. In addition, displayed under the Sara Lees Matrixes,' Sara Lees retrenchment strategy of their 8 business units have help the business future prosperities. Strategically, Sara Lees decision to retrench eight business units was in the best interest of the company, and as a result they have strong, successful products in food within many retail and food-service industries. In addition they were also able to have a strong meat service business, which yield to cost savings without compromising on quality and customer, consumer, and company relationships. As far as the beverage and bread products, Sara Lee is near 50% of their profits; and selling to local retailers can expand successful profitability through international countries such as North America and Europe, who are heavy bread, coffee and tea consumers. Gearing back to the case study, Sara Lees intentions was to retrench business units that were not useful toward the direction that the company wanted to go. Doing so allowed Sara Lee to focus more on food, beverage and household products. Their objectives were met and continually to meet by the increasing sales, profitability and even market shares through their competitive pricing, strong brands and innovation ideas/concepts. One recommendation includes Sara Lee focusing on beverage products internationally. Sara Lee can start out by selling beverages to local retailers internationally and model closely behind their strategy for their food-service industries and utilize the knowledge and network gained from that. The second recommend includes focusing more on North America because they contributed to the 86% of the profits back in 2010. So Sara Lee must re-evaluate the profitability in selling those single-serve coffees pods (Senseo) and gear them towards the United States. A third recommendation would be Sara Lee expanding its household products, not body care products. Sara Lee should tap into and expand its air freshener brand because there is a great market share for it in the United States and Europe. Consumers automatically assume that the air fresheners will be of similar smell to the desserts and breads that Sara Lee makes. Can you imagine walking into a house that smells like warmed apple pie, or banana nut bread? Air fresheners can satisfy consumers who indulge desserts as they have a sweet tooth, or consumers who refrain from many desserts for dietary reasons, but would definitely enjoy the aroma around the house. Another household product could be insecticides that can be useful a nd affordable in many countries, including Africa. Providing this product can help improve farming, which trickles down to the items that we eat, a food-service beverage industry that Sara Lee plans to continue its markets and profitability in. Introducing new products to the market can refrain from any significant loss in business units currently and in the future.

Shockwave Rider :: essays research papers

There are numerous books on the science fiction market, that deal with the myriad of possibilities involving the technology of the future. John Brunner's book, 'Shockwave Rider,'; is one of the most popular, as well as one of the most famous, books dealing with this issue. Brunner presents many different realities to the reader, and they are all potentially very realistic in terms of the current state of technology. For the most part, Brunner seems to illustrate that technology, as it relates to the world wide datanet, is a good thing. This is not to say that he does not illustrate it as a very negative reality in the world he presents to the reader, but he does indicate that the world wide datanet and technology has great potential to make the world a better place for all concerned. In Brunner's book we have a reality that is incredibly tense, and almost plausible today. The space that the author deals with is filled with endless bits of information (information overload to be more precise), corporate domination, and it appears, just like many science fiction books that deal with the planet earth in the future, everything is known about everyone. there are no secrets from the system. Brunner illustrates this as a reality that is not necessarily very desirable. He plants a character, Nickie Haflinger, onto the scene. As with many books we can look at this character and see the author within. Haflinger is a prodigy whose talents allow him to switch identities with a simple phone call. By the advanced technology and the ingenuity that is completely Haflinger's, we see that the author is not one to be content with the realities that may be a possibility in the future of technology. Brunner clearly illustrates, by the previous description of Haflinger, that technology and the advances within that field, are incredibly beneficial, or they can be. but he is clearly unhappy with the way things have turned out due to the controlling nature of the governments. This is further illustrated in the fact that Brunner's hero is a young man who is bent on changing the world. He struggles to evade the officials and uses all skills available to him, whether inherent skills or technological ones, to the best of his ability, to put an end to the misuse of power that is so much a part of his world which involves the entity of the world wide datanet. Perhaps, one of the most insightful parts of the book comes in the first half, when Haflinger is experiencing flashbacks due to interrogations. It is in these sections that we see the inner mind of Brunner as he deflty

“Letter to Daniel” by Fergal Keane Essay

Task: â€Å"Non fiction is seldom objective. Often it sways your feelings or influences your thoughts.† By referring closely to a work of non-fiction, show how the writer does more than simply convey information. Often non fiction tries to convey emotion and thought rather than simply providing information in order to move the reader. A piece of non fiction which has had a lasting impression on me is â€Å"Letter to Daniel† by the Irish foreign correspondent, Fergal Keane. This piece of writing is written in the form of a letter in which Keane has put across moving reflections about his first child’s birth. To show the strong and great effect his son has brought upon himself and his wife, Keane uses certain techniques such as rich imagery, sentence structure, tone, theme and a personal style of writing to convey his thoughts and feelings. Firstly, Keane immediately makes it clear to me that he is writing in the form of a letter when he begins writing with the phrase â€Å"My dear son†. He then describes to his son how his birth has altered and changed his lifestyle; â€Å"I’m learning the art of one handed typing† This shows that since Daniel was born, Keane has been learning to cope with new things. However by describing the task as an â€Å"art† the writer shows that he doesn’t mind this new way of living. He further describes the idea that Daniel has changed the way he lives by explaining that; â€Å"Since you’ve arrived, days have melted into night and back again and we are learning a new grammar, a long sentence whose punctuation marks are feeding and winding and nappy changing and these occasional moments of quiet.† This extended metaphor caught my attention because it compares the birth of his son to a long sentence and there is also irony in the metaphor as this sentence is long. It relates to his sons birth as a stage of development in his life and shows that time has lost its differenciated routine. The word choice of â€Å"melted† conveys a feeling of warmth and gentleness which shows that Keane is in no way angry because of this new routine and is enjoying it. Keane also shows the change in his way of living when he explains that his mother is asleep. It is six o’clock in the morning which is one of the most peaceful times of the day. It is the beginning of a new day and I think this relates to the beginning of Keane’s family. The birth of Daniel has also resulted in Keane seeing his job differently; â€Å"Your coming has turned me upside down and inside out†¦I have lived a life that, on occasion, has veered close to the edge: war zones, natural disasters, darkness in all its shapes and forms† The word choice of â€Å"coming† gives me the idea that he has waited and wanted for him, and now that he has finally arrived his whole world has been turned upside down. He looks on things differently now and Daniel has caused him to re-evaluate the risks he has taken as a reporter. I feel that the writer’s use of imagery to convey information helps me to understand his thoughts and emotions throughout the letter. The writer also helps to convey emotion and feelings throughout the letter by using an appropriate tone. I can see that Keane uses a personal tone at first as he uses words such as â€Å"you† and â€Å"I† repeatedly. This emphasises the sincerity of his letter and helps to convey his thoughts and emotions. However his tone changes to a more formal one when he begins to describe the disasters and darkness that he has faced as a reporter. He contrasts his child’s actions with these disasters and I can see this through the writer’s wordchoice. He describes his son with gentle and innocent images such as â€Å"sleeping face† â€Å"sigh† â€Å"gurgle† â€Å"glory† â€Å"prizes† and â€Å"praise†. He then shows the difference between his child’s innocence and the suffering that he has seen by using the words â€Å"haunted† â€Å"too much to bear† and â€Å"flooding†. This suggests that his change from a personal tone to a more formal tone is because the memories of suffering and the disastrous images are too much for the writer to bear. Therefore he resorts to listing his experiences and becomes less intimate. He changes his tone because he wants to report it in order to detatch himself from the memories. He describes the last story as being a very personal one, however when he goes on to tell it, is tone is still very formal. The story is anonymous and Keane does not reveal until near the end of the story that it was about his own family; â€Å"in a big city on a january morning with snow on the ground and a woman† The repetition of the word â€Å"a† makes me realise that the writer is being very vague in the story and is distancing himself from emotion. The fact that he tells the story anonymously seemed to have a much bigger impact on me when I realised it was about his own mother and about his own father being an alcoholic. However he shows no anger towards his father as he knows it was not his fault; â€Å"The cancer of alcoholism† He describes his fathers condition as â€Å"cancer†, in other words he sees it as a disease and knows that it could not be helped. This metaphor shows no sense of blame towards his father and also shows that it is killing him. The phrase â€Å"it just was† also gives me a sense of his acceptance of his fathers condition. He loved his family, but he was â€Å"living and dying for the bottle† and the love he had did not save him. He understands what it would have been like for his father to be separated from his family, as he now has one of his own. I think that this is why he decided to reveal that it was his father at the end of the letter. He personalised it because he now understood. He was not just â€Å"a man† anymore, he is â€Å"your grandfather†. The clever way in which the writer has used this tone makes me realise what emotions he feels. Lastly, throughout the letter the writer relates to a particular theme. This theme first becomes apparent to me when the writer uses the phrase; â€Å"Naturally your mother and I were only too happy to believe that.† His wordchoice of â€Å"naturally† gives me the idea that it is normal for a parent to believe that their child is the best thing to come into their life. It conveys the universally acknowledged theme of the love bond between parent and child. This idea is revisited throughout the letter, for example in one of the cases he describes; â€Å"I found a mother and her three young children huddled together where they’d been beaten to death. The children had died holding on to their mother†¦ cling to until we die† The wordchoice of â€Å"huddled together†, â€Å"holding† and â€Å"cling† shows the sacred image between mother and child. He also conveys this idea when he is writing about his mother; â€Å"she gives birth to a baby boy and, just as you are to me, he is the best thing she has ever seen† The parenthesis here is also useful in conveying this universal theme of love. It also acts as a link in the story because I can see that he is beginning to realise the joy his mother felt when he was born. However, one quotation I feel shows this boundless parental love that transcends all borders is; â€Å"That instinct we all learn from birth and in one way or another cling to until we die.† This I feel is one of the most moving sentences in the story and helps me to recognise Keane’s universal message of the love bond between parent and child. Daniel has given Keane an understanding of his own father, and at the very end of the letter he describes his son as â€Å"the sound of hope† and uses wordchoice such has â€Å"innoncence† and â€Å"freshness† to show the stark contrast between his child’s innocence and the darkness that he previously described. I feel that Keane’s choice of theme throughout the letter is very important in conveying his emotions at this time as it shows how important his son is to him. In conclusion, â€Å"Letter to Daniel† by Fergal Keane is one of the most touching and moving short stories I have ever read. The writer’s use of rich imagery, sentence structure, tone and theme all comes together and helps to convey the writer’s thoughts and emotions. He provides the necessary information and also paints vivid pictures of his emotions and if Keane had not used such strong ideas and techniques throughout the letter I am not sure it would have had the same enduring effect on me.